Abstract
Background. The present study aimed to predict mental health based on spiritual intelligence and existential anxiety among elderly individuals residing in Tabriz. Methods. This research employed a multivariate correlational design. The intended population consisted of elderly residents of Tabriz, from which a sample of 66 participants was selected using a convenience sampling method. After explaining the purpose of the study and obtaining informed consent, participants were asked to complete the General Health Questionnaire, King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, and Good's Existential Anxiety Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression techniques. Results. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between spiritual intelligence and mental health among the elderly (r=0.40, p<0.05). Conversely, a significant negative correlation was found between existential anxiety and mental health (r=-0.392, p<0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that existential anxiety accounted for a greater proportion of variance in predicting mental health (54%) compared to spiritual intelligence (35%). Conclusion. The findings of the present study indicated that existential anxiety plays a more significant role than spiritual intelligence in predicting the mental health of older adults. Higher levels of existential anxiety are associated with lower mental health, whereas spiritual intelligence, by fostering a sense of meaning and inner coherence, can contribute to improved mental health among the elderly. Practical Implications. Enhancing spiritual intelligence and implementing meaning-centered programs for older adults may help reduce existential anxiety and promote their mental health. Therefore, paying attention to the spiritual needs and experiences of the elderly is recommended in supportive and therapeutic interventions.